The management options for oligohydramnios greatly depends on the trimester in which the condition arises-presence of oligohydramnios in the first trimester usually results in fetal death while occurrence of the condition later in the pregnancy offers more promising outcomes. While there is no long-term treatment for oligohydramnios, drinking extra fluids, installing a saline solution into the amniotic sac (amniofusion), and other intravenous fluid delivery procedures have been proven to increase amniotic fluid levels. With early diagnosis, most cases of oligohydramnios can be managed or treated with hospital bed rest, fetal monitoring, oral and intravenous hydration, and early delivery when the fetal monitor shows abnormal heart rates. Oligohydramnios affects 4 – 8 % of pregnancies and needs to be diagnosed and managed early to prevent fetal injury. Throughout the pregnancy, doctors should regularly reevaluate a woman’s AFI and measure fetal heart rate, breathing, movements, and muscle tone to assess fetal well being. During oligohydramnios diagnosis, doctors use ultrasound readings to gather amniotic fluid level measurements and calculate a woman’s “AFI” (amniotic fluid index) to determine if her levels are normal.
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